Improvement in let-offs for looms



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G. GROMPTON. 4LET-UPF FOR LOOMS. No. 42,461.. Patented Apr. 26, 1864.

77K# @5565,y MIZ H llnireo STATES Minier FFICE@ GEORGE UROMPTON, 0FWORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

'Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 42,4611, dated April26. 1564.

To all whom it may concern 'Bc it known that I, GEORGE GRoMP'roN, of thecity and county of Worcester, in the State of iiiassaclnisettsfhaveinvented anew und useful Improvement in Let-Oli' Motions for Looms, ofwhich the following is a full and exact description, reference being hadto the' accompanying drawings', making part 0f this specification, inwhich- Figure l is a side elevation of a loom with said improvementapplied thereto. Fig. 2 is a lan of the same.

y The same letters indicate like parts in both figures. 1 Y

My invention reluies io that pnrt of the loom known as the letot'lnotioufor conf trolling the delivery of the warp from the Warp-beam in auniform manner, and is ofthat class of letoifsknow-n as tensionlet-offs, und which I'will now proceed to describe.

Fig. 1 is, a side `elevation representing the ordinary frame of a loom.'A is the` warpbeam, which, with its gudgeons, rests ou bearings VL L. MM is the warp, passing from the beam over the. roller and under theroller F. and thence upward over the Whip-har or roller K to theharness. Friction-straps() C, fastened to the frame at N N, are carriedover each beam-head, which have a groove cut into their peri pheries B,Ito receive the cords or straps",

and are then continued and secured ti:- t-ne lever-frame Dd). Therollers E and i supported in suitable bearings, as seen in Fig. 2,ateach end in. their respective .frames D D and G G, and are parallel toeach other and the warp-beam. The frames D D and'Gl G are respectivel yhung on pivots or studs a-t I I and H `Ici, so' they will-hang freely,(bars may be used where rollers are shown, but I prefer the employmentof rollers.) The frames contalrlmg the rollers are tender-like in formfor the purose of strength, so that-when one end of the oller moves theopposite end will 'nove with it. To the tension-roller frame issuspended aweight, J, of sulcient gravity to produce the requisitetension upon the warp.

The warp M M, passing from the warpbenm over what may be .termed the 1"rictiou-roller-E in the frame D D, and then under the roller F in theupper frame, G G, and the ten sion-wei ght `beingattached'thereto, bearsupon the frame D D. The fri'ction-straps,being attached thereto, producefriction and hold `the warpbeam tirmly. Asthe wearing progresses, theweight J is graduali y drav-:n u1l to such' a point as t0 relieve thepressure on fhe friction-roller and frame, thereby slnchening thefriction-straps and allowingthegrnrity ofthe weight to draw cti' aportion of warpnnd lowering the'weighted frame until its pressure issufficient to tighten the friction-straps and hold the beam firmly untilthe tension-weight is again drawn up by the progress of 'neavin when the`friction is avain relieved, and still more warp is yielded as before,and so on. The tension being the indicating'power, it libcrates thefriction upon the Warpbea-m Whenever needing more warp for' the weightto gravitute upon and produce tension, which is always uniform whatevermay he the diameter of the beam.

In Fig. 2 it will be see-u the rollers in the roller-frames I) D and G Gextend the entire width of the warp-beam und the warp is taken from itin perfect 0rder,`the frame-rollers being' parallel therewith, and alsowith the whip roll or nur K. No slack selvages can be made. Each threadot warn is of an equal tautuess, thus producing unequal strain on eachthread of warp in weaving and more perfect selvages on the cloth whenWoven.

Other inventions have embraced the combination ot' tension with frictionon thebeanias, for instance, using one weight-,for thetension of theyarn, and an independent weight for the friction on the Warp-beam. Thetensioirweight in such case being4 so connected that when thetension-weight. had 'reached its hightest point, it would, whenliberating, the

friction on theqyarnbean1, have to raise the friction-Weight7therebycreating an .undue tension upon the Warp while sofen'gaged; orit' using one Weight for both tension of warp and friction to hold thebeam, the friction was applied to the periphery of the yarn on the beam;or using one weight for tension attached to a roll, (but not-in a framedlever or lever of any kind,) which,^as\it ascended by the progress ofWeaving and reached a certain point,

, constructing n. letoif molou'that the tension? :roller and frictionroller shall be' sustained in 4rigid framed levers the width of thewarpbea'xri :that in their operation they may be pnallelwith each othernud the warp-benin,

so :is to prevent one side of the worp' being more unduly strained thunthe other; and also so combining the tension and friclion irmnes that.:is/the l'ornier rises'nnd diminishes its pressure upon thefriction-frame it. shall relieve the friction on the warp-benin for theVpurpose ot' letting oil' the Wnrp, as described, and also combining; theupper frnlne tension and weightedlever with the wai-mami the wnrpbeiunas herein described, l'or the pur- 'posesl ol' tensionou the. w'nrpund producing. `friction ou the benin.

Havingvthus fully described my said invention, what. I claim therein :isn(\v,:u1d\\-'ish to secure b v Letters lnteut,l is- 1. The coinhiiuuionol thc tension and riction rollers or bnrsg und theirrespectiveirnlnes,

2- l 42,ee1-

the te11siouw'eight,'alid warp-beam, withl the werp ns described. l

. 2. V.The combination of, the tension' and fric- L tion framed leversand rollers/or bars therein, und "the teneionwveight, with friction o u'the beam head or heads, as described.;

3. The' combination ofthe weighted tension frauieddever and' roller orbar therein'with the werp-beam, es described, for the purpose ofproducting tension on the warp and friction on Lhebetun. v

4. Diminishing or increasing the pressure of the tension frame rollerorbnr through the i warp upon the friction-frame roller or bar by thetensionw'eieht, for the 'purpose of relieving: or holding the frictionon the Warp-beam. p

